Microbiological profile and antimicrobial resistance of a specialized hospital for infectocontagiosas doenças in the state of Ceará, Brazil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20435/vol30iss76.4912Keywords:
infection control, cross infection, hospitalizationAbstract
Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are frequent adverse events with a significant clinical and economic impact on patients and healthcare systems. This cross-sectional descriptive study aimed to characterize the microbiological profile and antimicrobial resistance in patients from a reference hospital for infectious diseases in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. Secondary data were obtained from the Hospital Infection Control Service and the R.E.A.L® software (bioMérieux) between October 2023 and October 2024, totaling 868 isolated microorganisms. The most prevalent pathogens were Escherichia coli (15.2%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (15.0%), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (14.1%). Urine was the most common specimen (35.8%), followed by tracheal aspirate (25.0%) and blood culture (22.6%). The Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and the Unit Semi-intensive had the highest positivity rates, with a significant association between microorganism type and hospital sector (p<0.001). High resistance rates were observed for ceftriaxone, meropenem, oxacillin (MRSA), and fluconazole. These findings highlight the importance of continuous microbiological surveillance and rational antimicrobial use, especially in critical care units, to prevent and control HAIs effectively.
References
BRASIL. Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (ANVISA). Nota Técnica GVIMS/GGTES/DIRE3/ANVISA n. 3/2024. Critérios Diagnósticos das infecções relacionadas à assistência à saúde de notificação nacional obrigatória – ano: 2024. Brasília, DF: ANVISA, 2024.
BUCHALLA, C. M.; CARDOSO, M. R. A. Principais desenhos de estudos epidemiológicos. In: BUCHALLA, C. M.; CARDOSO, M. R. A. Epidemiologia dos agravos à saúde da mulher. São Paulo: Atheneu, 2005. Disponível em: https://repositorio.usp.br/item/001502940. Acesso em: 5 abr. 2025.
BUDIA-SILVA, M. et al. International and regional spread of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in Europe. Nature Communications, [S. l.], v. 15, n. 1, p. 5092, 2024.
CUSACK, T. P.; ASHLEY, E. A.; LING, C. L.; RATTANAVONG, S.; ROBERTS, T.; TURNER, P.; WANGRANGSIMAKUL, T.; DANCE, D. A. B. Impact of CLSI and EUCAST breakpoint discrepancies on reporting of antimicrobial susceptibility and AMR surveillance. Clinical Microbiology and Infection, [S. l.], v. 25, n. 7, p. 910, 2019.
DÍAZ-GARCÍA, J. et al. Trends in antifungal resistance in Candida from a multicenter study conducted in Madrid (CANDIMAD study): fluconazole-resistant C. parapsilosis spreading has gained traction in 2022. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, [S. l.], v. 67, n. 11, e00986-23, 2023.
EUROPEAN FOOD SAFETY AUTHORITY (EFSA). The European Union Summary Report on Antimicrobial Resistance in zoonotic and indicator bacteria from humans, animals and food in 2020/2021. EFSA Journal, [S. l.], v. 21, n. 3, p. e07867, 2023.
FERREIRA, R. L. et al. High prevalence of multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae harboring several virulence and β-lactamase encoding genes in a Brazilian intensive care unit. Frontiers in Microbiology, [S. l.], v. 9, p. 3198, 2019.
GUNASEKARAN, S.; MAHADEVAIAH, S. Healthcare-associated infection in intensive care units: overall analysis of patient criticality by acute physiology and chronic health evaluation IV scoring and pathogenic characteristics. Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine, [S. l.], v. 24, n. 4, p. 252, 2020.
LOGAN, C.; MARTIN-LOECHES, I.; BICANIC, T. J. I. C. M. Invasive candidiasis in critical care: challenges and future directions. Intensive Care Medicine, [S. l.], v. 46, n. 11, p. 2001-2014, 2020.
NEGRI, M.; LIMA, B. M.; WOLOSZYNEK, R. S. B. R.; MOLINA, R. A. S.; GERMANO, C. M. R.; MELO, D. G.; SOUZA, L. C.; AVÓ, L. R. S. Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance profile of pathogens isolated from patients with urine tract infections admitted to a university hospital in a medium-sized Brazilian city. Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, São Paulo, v. 66, 2024.
OLIVEIRA, A. B. S.; SACILLOTTO, G. H.; NEVES, M. F. B.; SILVA, A. H. N.; MOIMAZ, T. A.; GANDOLFI, J. V.; NOGUEIRA, M. C. L.; LOBO, S. M. Prevalência, desfechos e preditores de infecções nosocomiais do trato respiratório inferior multirresistentes em pacientes em uma UTI. Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia, São José do Rio Preto, v. 49, n. 1, e20220235, 2023.
RANGEL, R. L. P.; BRITO, I. L. P.; LINHARES, A. B.; VASCELOS NETO, A. O.; SOUSA, C. R. F.; ARCANJO, A. K. A.; PONTE, M. G. L.; BARBOSA, F. C. B. Dissemination of carbapenemases in gram-negative bacteria in Brazilian hospitals: a review. Archives of Current Research International, [S. l.], v. 25, n. 1, p. 167-181, 2025.
RIBEIRO, E; A.; GALES, A. C.; OLIVEIRA, A. P. S.; COELHO, D. D.; OLIVEIRA, R. A.; PFRIMER, I. A. H.; CARMO FILHO, J. R. Molecular epidemiology and drug resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from a regional hospital in the Brazilian Amazon region. Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical, Brasília, v. 54, p. e20200087, 2021.
RODRIGUES, D. K. B.; BONFIETTI, L. X.; GARCIA, R. A.; ARAUJO, M. R.; RODRIGUES, J. S.; GIMENES, V. M. F.; MELHEM, M. S. C. Antifungal susceptibility profile of Candida clinical isolates from 22 hospitals of São Paulo State, Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research, Ribeirão Preto, v. 54, n. 9, e10928, 2021.
VAN LOON, K.; VOOR IN ‘T HOLT, A. F.; VOS, M. C. A systematic review and meta-analyses of the clinical epidemiology of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, [S. l.], v. 62, n. 1, p. e01730-17, 2017.
WANG, M. et al. Clinical outcomes and bacterial characteristics of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae complex among patients from different global regions (CRACKLE-2): a prospective, multicentre, cohort study. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, [S. l.], v. 22, n. 3, p. 401-412, 2022.
WANG, Y.; SHOLEH, M.; YANG, L.; SHAKOURZADEH, M. Z.; BEIG, M.; AZIZIAN, K. Global trends of ceftazidime–avibactam resistance in gram-negative bacteria: systematic review and meta-analysis. Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control, [S. l.], v. 14, n. 1, p. 10, feb. 2025.
WHO. Global antimicrobial resistance and use surveillance system (GLASS) report. Geneva: WHO, 2021.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Karine Kimberlly Rocha da Fonsêca, Lucas Mendes Feitosa Dias, Evelyne Santana Girão

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Os artigos publicados na Revista Multitemas têm acesso aberto (Open Access) sob a licença Creative Commons Attribution, que permite uso, distribuição e reprodução em qualquer meio, sem restrições desde que o trabalho original seja corretamente citado.
Direitos Autorais para artigos publicados nesta revista são do autor, com direitos de primeira publicação para a revista. Em virtude de aparecerem nesta revista de acesso público, os artigos são de uso gratuito, com atribuições próprias, em aplicações educacionais e não-comerciais.